When winds are sustained at 40-50 mph, isolated wind damage is possible. [159][160] On Jupiter, wind speeds of 100 meters per second (220 mph) are common in zonal jet streams. [61]Wind power has expanded quickly, its share of worldwide electricity usage at the end of 2014 was 3.1%. Harnessing the unequaled wind resources off the coast of Maine is critical to meet the state’s climate goals of moving Maine to using 80 percent renewable energy by 2030, and 100 percent by 2050, in order to curb harmful greenhouse gas emissions. Surface friction also causes winds to blow more inward into low-pressure areas. The solar wind is quite different from a terrestrial wind, in that its origin is the sun, and it is composed of charged particles that have escaped the sun's atmosphere. Therefore, windbreaks (such as big trees and bushes) are often planted by farmers to reduce the wind erosion of loess. [116] The Sirocco brings dust from north Africa into southern Europe because of the movement of extratropical cyclones through the Mediterranean. In New Zealand, they are known as the Nor'west arch, and are accompanied by the cloud formation they are named after that has inspired artwork over the years. Winds are commonly classified by their spatial scale, their speed, the types of forces that cause them, the regions in which they occur, and their effect. For example, burn rates of smoldering logs are up to five times greater during the day because of lower humidity, increased temperatures, and increased wind speeds. [79] Venti are the Roman gods of the winds. This triggers the main shaft of the wind turbine, connected to a gearbox within the nacelle, to spin. Understanding the risks can help you prepare for these events. Le vent souffle fort autour des gratte-ciel. [7] Weather vanes pivot to indicate the direction of the wind. [93], For aerodynamic aircraft which operate relative to the air, winds affect groundspeed,[94] and in the case of lighter-than-air vehicles, wind may play a significant or solitary role in their movement and ground track. There are also strong evolutionary constraints on this dispersal mechanism. Widespread significant wind damage can occur with higher wind speeds. Many of the Earth's deserts lie near the average latitude of the subtropical ridge, where descent reduces the relative humidity of the air mass. [96], Historically, the ancient Sinhalese of Anuradhapura and in other cities around Sri Lanka used the monsoon winds to power furnaces as early as 300 BCE. Wind turbines may be employed individually, but are often installed in groups to form “wind farms” or “wind power plants.” Electricity generated by wind farms may be used locally, or placed on the electric grid to power homes and businesses farther away. If an offshore wind of 8 knots (15 km/h) exists, the sea breeze is not likely to develop. [132] As such, fine line patterns within weather radar imagery, associated with converging winds, are dominated by insect returns. [13] India typically reports winds over a 3‑minute average. wind n noun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. [110] Loess deposits are geologically unstable by nature, and will erode very readily. Strong updrafts, downdrafts, and eddies develop as the air flows over hills and down valleys. Nowadays, a yardstick used to determine the best locations for wind energy development is referred to as wind power density (WPD). [166] At 70° S latitude on Neptune, a high-speed jet stream travels at a speed of 300 meters per second (670 mph). It exists only in an atmosphere with horizontal temperature gradients. [60] Although wind produced only about 1.5% of worldwide electricity use in 2009,[60] it is growing rapidly, having doubled in the three years between 2005 and 2008. CanWEA is the voice of Canada’s wind energy industry, actively promoting the responsible and sustainable growth of wind energy. [51], If there is a pass in the mountain range, winds will rush through the pass with considerable speed because of the Bernoulli principle that describes an inverse relationship between speed and pressure. How to use windup in a sentence. The direction from which a movement of air comes: The wind is north-northwest. Using a mechanical sandblaster in a laboratory setting, scientists affiliated with the Agricultural Research Service studied the effects of windblown sand abrasion on cotton seedlings. A squall is an increase of the wind speed above a certain threshold, which lasts for a minute or more. The basic relation that the turbine power is (approximately) proportional to the third power of velocity remains. In Poland, an example is the halny wiatr. This barrier jet can increase the low-level wind by 45%. “Wind.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/wind. Intensity Observation and Forecast Errors", "National Weather Service Instruction 10-1605", National Centers for Environmental Prediction, "African Dust Called A Major Factor Affecting Southeast U.S. Air Quality", "Chapter-II Monsoon-2004: Onset, Advancement and Circulation Features", "Climatology of the Interior Columbia River Basin", National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, National Oceanographic Partnership Program, "The Physical Environment: Global scale circulation", "The Role of Mountains in the South Asian Monsoon Circulation", 10.1175/1520-0469(1975)032<1515:TROMIT>2.0.CO;2, "The influence of mesoscale orography on a coastal jet and rainband", 10.1175/1520-0493(1997)125<1465:TIOMOO>2.0.CO;2, "T-REX: Catching the Sierra's waves and rotors", "CHAPTER 8: Introduction to the Hydrosphere (e). [101] Oil is being saved by using wind for powering cargo ships by use of the mechanical energy converted from the wind's kinetic energy using very large kites. [99] Made of six to twelve sails covered in reed matting or cloth material, these windmills were used to grind corn and draw up water, and were used in the gristmilling and sugarcane industries. An example is the formation of sand dunes, on a beach or in a desert. The kinetic energy of a packet of air of mass m with velocity v is given by ½ m v2. The term was first used in English in India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and neighboring countries to refer to the big seasonal winds blowing from the Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea in the southwest bringing heavy rainfall to the area. Windfinder specializes in wind, waves, tides and weather reports & forecasts for wind related sports like kitesurfing, windsurfing, surfing, sailing, fishing or paragliding. Strong winds will pick up loose sand and topsoil and hurl it through the air at speeds ranging from 25 miles per hour (40 km/h) to 40 miles per hour (64 km/h). Hills and valleys substantially distort the airflow by increasing friction between the atmosphere and landmass by acting as a physical block to the flow, deflecting the wind parallel to the range just upstream of the topography, which is known as a barrier jet. Winds are depicted as blowing from the direction the barb is facing. [118] The Shamal is caused by cold fronts lifting dust into the atmosphere for days at a time across the Persian Gulf states. This is called deflation. Wind powers the voyages of sailing ships across Earth's oceans. Total destruction to man-made structures occurs when winds reach 175 knots (324 km/h). Even a soft wind will cause a low level of environmental noise. [51] Cool winds accelerating through mountain gaps have been given regional names. Jagged terrain combines to produce unpredictable flow patterns and turbulence, such as rotors, which can be topped by lenticular clouds. This causes a pressure gradient of about 2 millibars from the ocean to the land. The wind is also an important means of transportation for seeds and small birds; with time things can travel thousands of miles in the wind. [3] The thermal wind is the difference in the geostrophic wind between two levels in the atmosphere. Internet 50Mbps, τηλεόραση WIND VISION με περισσότερα από 60 συνδρομητικά κανάλια & δώρο Wi-Fi Extender για κάλυψη σε κάθε γωνιά του σπιτιού! Windup definition is - the act of bringing to an end. [108] It generally occurs as a widespread blanket deposit that covers areas of hundreds of square kilometers and tens of meters thick. [58] Once winds exceed 135 knots (250 km/h), homes completely collapse, and significant damage is done to larger buildings. [25] Once plotted on a map, an analysis of isotachs (lines of equal wind speeds) can be accomplished. Strong-framed, well-built houses leveled off foundations and swept away; steel-reinforced concrete structures are critically damaged; tall buildings collapse or have severe structural deformations; cars, trucks, and trains can be thrown approximately 1 mile (1.6 km). [15] A short burst of high speed wind is termed a wind gust, one technical definition of a wind gust is: the maxima that exceed the lowest wind speed measured during a ten-minute time interval by 10 knots (5 m/s) for periods of seconds. In coastal areas the sea breeze/land breeze cycle can define local winds; in areas that have variable terrain, mountain and valley breezes can dominate local winds. Forecast models ECMWF, GFS, NAM and NEMS [28] The strongest winds are in the mid-latitudes where cold polar air meets warm air from the tropics. The wind is caused by differences in atmospheric pressure. Winds can shape landforms, via a variety of aeolian processes such as the formation of fertile soils, such as loess, and by erosion. Wind speeds during downslope wind effect can exceed 160 kilometers per hour (99 mph).[58]. [4] The ageostrophic wind component is the difference between actual and geostrophic wind, which is responsible for air "filling up" cyclones over time. Second, these suspended particles may impact on solid objects causing erosion by abrasion (ecological succession). Wind turbines allow us to harness the power of the wind and turn it into energy. [105], During mid-summer (July in the northern hemisphere), the westward-moving trade winds south of the northward-moving subtropical ridge expand northwestward from the Caribbean into southeastern North America. If the wind gradient is significant or sudden, or both, and the pilot maintains the same pitch attitude, the indicated airspeed will increase, possibly exceeding the maximum ground launch tow speed. [112] Since 1970, dust outbreaks have worsened because of periods of drought in Africa. The cooler air above the sea, now with higher sea level pressure, flows inland into the lower pressure, creating a cooler breeze near the coast. … A relation between the input and output wind velocity must be considered. Confirmed tornadoes with no reported damage (i.e., those that remain in open fields) are supposed to be rated EF0 as a matter of policy; however, some NWS local offices have adopted an "EFU" (for "unknown") rating for such tornadoes.[23]. Below is a summary of the classifications used by Regional Specialized Meteorological Centers worldwide: The Enhanced Fujita Scale (EF Scale) rates the strength of tornadoes in the United States by using damage to estimate wind speed. Wind also affects the spread of wildfires. When winds become strong, trees and human-made structures are damaged or destroyed. Turbines are designed to operate within a specific range of wind speeds. [44] Because of the low sun angle, cold air builds up and subsides at the pole creating surface high-pressure areas, forcing an equatorward outflow of air;[45] that outflow is deflected westward by the Coriolis effect. Erosion can be the result of material movement by the wind. [16] Alternatively, movement of the parent weather balloon position can be tracked from the ground visually using theodolites. [59] At the end of 2008, worldwide nameplate capacity of wind-powered generators was 120.8 gigawatts. Within the Beaufort scale, gale-force winds lie between 28 knots (52 km/h) and 55 knots (102 km/h) with preceding adjectives such as moderate, fresh, strong, and whole used to differentiate the wind's strength within the gale category. [32], A monsoon is a seasonal prevailing wind that lasts for several months within tropical regions. Except for rotor ships using the Magnus effect, every sailing ship has a hull, rigging and at least one mast to hold up the sails that use the wind to power the ship. [167] The fastest wind on any known planet is on HD 80606 b located 190 light years away, where it blows at more than 11,000 mph or 5 km/s. The wind is strong around skyscrapers. This effort is of importance in the Gulf of Maine, where surface temperatures peaked this past summer and have been warming faster than … [77], As a natural force, the wind was often personified as one or more wind gods or as an expression of the supernatural in many cultures. [63], Wind shear, sometimes referred to as wind gradient, is a difference in wind speed and direction over a relatively short distance in the Earth's atmosphere. (with Digital Discount) 3 Big Gig Unlimited 4 data plan with 20GB of Fast LTE data and get the Samsung Galaxy S20 FE 5G for Absolute Zero TM 9. Can you spell these 10 commonly misspelled words? [14] Knowing the wind sampling average is important, as the value of a one-minute sustained wind is typically 14% greater than a ten-minute sustained wind. In several countries it has achieved relatively high levels of penetration, accounting for approximately 19% of electricity production in Denmark, 10% in Spain and Portugal, and 7% in Germany and the Republic of Ireland in 2008. Sustained wind speeds are reported globally at a 10 meters (33 ft) height and are averaged over a 10‑minute time frame. [126], Wind can also cause plants damage through sand abrasion. From Middle English winde, wind, from Old English wind (“wind”), from Proto-Germanic *windaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéh₁n̥tos (“wind”), from earlier *h₂wéh₁n̥ts (“wind”), derived from the present participle of *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”). The term is first known to have been used as the name of a pair or series of typhoons that are said to have saved Japan from two Mongol fleets under Kublai Khan that attacked Japan in 1274 and again in 1281. Wind has a very important role in aiding plants and other immobile organisms in dispersal of seeds, spores, pollen, etc. Forecasts for any location on planet Earth! Winds play a significant role in determining and controlling climate and weather. In Argentina, the local name for down sloped winds is zonda. Moisture is removed by orographic lift, leaving drier air on the descending and generally warming, leeward side where a rain shadow is observed. The Saffir–Simpson scale and Enhanced Fujita scale were designed to help estimate wind speed from the damage caused by high winds related to tropical cyclones and tornadoes, and vice versa.[143][22]. [54] In the Great Plains of the United States, these winds are known as a chinook. [57] In California, downslope winds are funneled through mountain passes, which intensify their effect, and examples include the Santa Ana and sundowner winds. Black Friday Offer $55 for 20GB, Plus a Galaxy S20 FE 5G On Us. It consists mostly of electrons and protons with energies of about 1 keV. [105] The general wind circulation moves small particulates such as dust across wide oceans thousands of kilometers downwind of their point of origin,[106] which is known as deflation. [88] Ocean journeys by sailing ship can take many months,[89] and a common hazard is becoming becalmed because of lack of wind,[90] or being blown off course by severe storms or winds that do not allow progress in the desired direction. Winds have various aspects: velocity (wind speed); the density of the gas involved; energy content or wind energy. Definition of wind in the Idioms Dictionary. What does wind expression mean? [144] The most powerful gusts of wind on Earth were created by nuclear detonations. [80] Fūjin is the Japanese wind god and is one of the eldest Shinto gods. When the temperature onshore cools below the temperature offshore, the pressure over the water will be lower than that of the land, establishing a land breeze, as long as an onshore wind is not strong enough to oppose it. Easterly winds, on average, dominate the flow pattern across the poles, westerly winds blow across the mid-latitudes of the earth, polewards of the subtropical ridge, while easterlies again dominate the tropics. The strongest observed winds on a planet in the wind noun (CURRENT OF AIR) A1 [ C or U ] a current of air moving approximately horizontally, especially one strong enough to be felt: There isn't enough wind to fly a kite. Romance and adventure happen during the America's Cup series of yachting races. Near the Earth's surface, friction causes the wind to be slower than it would be otherwise. [163][164][165] At the cloud tops of Neptune, prevailing winds range in speed from 400 meters per second (890 mph) along the equator to 250 meters per second (560 mph) at the poles. Wind speed largely determines the amount of electricity generated by a turbine. [1][2], Winds defined by an equilibrium of physical forces are used in the decomposition and analysis of wind profiles. Wind is the movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure. Isotachs are particularly useful in diagnosing the location of the jet stream on upper-level constant pressure charts, and are usually located at or above the 300 hPa level.[26]. When dust from the Sahara moving around the southern periphery of the ridge within the belt of trade winds moves over land, rainfall is suppressed and the sky changes from a blue to a white appearance, which leads to an increase in red sunsets. Cognate with Dutch wind, German Wind, West Frisian wyn, Norwegian … [20] The terminology for tropical cyclones differs from one region to another globally. [29] The trade winds blow predominantly from the northeast in the Northern Hemisphere and from the southeast in the Southern Hemisphere. [86] During the North African Campaign of the World War II, "allied and German troops were several times forced to halt in mid-battle because of sandstorms caused by khamsin ... Grains of sand whirled by the wind blinded the soldiers and created electrical disturbances that rendered compasses useless. It is commonly observed near microbursts and downbursts caused by thunderstorms,[68] weather fronts, areas of locally higher low level winds referred to as low level jets, near mountains,[69] radiation inversions that occur because of clear skies and calm winds, buildings,[70] wind turbines,[71] and sailboats. Another word for wind. For instance, species in the Asteraceae on islands tended to have reduced dispersal capabilities (i.e., larger seed mass and smaller pappus) relative to the same species on the mainland. In Europe downwind of the Alps, they are known as foehn. [136] Elk have a keen sense of smell that can detect potential upwind predators at a distance of 0.5 miles (800 m). They are useful for simplifying the atmospheric equations of motion and for making qualitative arguments about the horizontal and vertical distribution of winds. Definitions by the largest Idiom Dictionary. [100] Horizontal-axle windmills were later used extensively in Northwestern Europe to grind flour beginning in the 1180s, and many Dutch windmills still exist. The airflow can remain turbulent and erratic for some distance downwind into the flatter countryside. … 2-year term required 1. This page was last edited on 29 November 2020, at 06:50. Directly under the subtropical ridge are the doldrums, or horse latitudes, where winds are lighter. Large families of plants are pollinated in this manner, which is favored when individuals of the dominant plant species are spaced closely together. There is a large variability in the dust transport to the Caribbean and Florida from year to year. The strongest observed winds on a planet in the Solar System occur on Neptune and Saturn. [76] The thermal wind concept explains how differences in wind speed with height are dependent on horizontal temperature differences, and explains the existence of the jet stream. [124] Plant varieties near the coast, such as the Sitka spruce and sea grape,[125] are pruned back by wind and salt spray near the coastline. On coasts and isolated mountains, the tree line is often much lower than in corresponding altitudes inland and in larger, more complex mountain systems, because strong winds reduce tree growth. Entire stories of well-constructed houses destroyed; severe damage to large buildings such as shopping malls; trains overturned; trees debarked; heavy cars lifted off the ground and thrown; structures with weak foundations are badly damaged. Together with the trade winds, the westerlies enabled a round-trip trade route for sailing ships crossing the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, as the westerlies lead to the development of strong ocean currents on the western sides of oceans in both hemispheres through the process of western intensification. [19] A storm has winds of 56 knots (104 km/h) to 63 knots (117 km/h). Peels surface off some roofs; some damage to gutters or siding; branches broken off trees; shallow-rooted trees pushed over. [64] Wind shear can be broken down into vertical and horizontal components, with horizontal wind shear seen across weather fronts and near the coast,[65] and vertical shear typically near the surface,[66] though also at higher levels in the atmosphere near upper level jets and frontal zones aloft. wind phrase. Areas of wind shear caused by various weather phenomena can lead to dangerous situations for aircraft. [9] Wind speed is measured by anemometers, most commonly using rotating cups or propellers. Worldwide animated weather map, with easy to use layers and precise spot forecast. Wind affects animals' food stores, as well as their hunting and defensive strategies. If you're seeing this message, that means JavaScript has been disabled on your browser, please enable JS to make this app work. The sea is warmed by the sun more slowly because of water's greater specific heat compared to land. Ex : garçon - nm > On dira "le garçon" ou "un garçon". [98] The first practical windmills were later built in Sistan, Afghanistan, from the 7th century CE. [79] Aeolus, in varying interpretations the ruler or keeper of the four winds, has also been described as Astraeus, the god of dusk who fathered the four winds with Eos, goddess of dawn. [10] Another type of anemometer uses pitot tubes that take advantage of the pressure differential between an inner tube and an outer tube that is exposed to the wind to determine the dynamic pressure, which is then used to compute the wind speed.[11]. Wind farms consist of many individual wind turbines, which are connected to the electric power transmission network. [119], Wind dispersal of seeds, or anemochory, is one of the more primitive means of dispersal. In arid climates, the main source of erosion is wind. Below is the scale. At night, the land cools off more quickly than the ocean because of differences in their specific heat values. In outer space, solar wind is the movement of gases or charged particles from the Sun through space, while planetary wind is the outgassing of light chemical elements from a planet's atmosphere into space. In outer space, solar wind is the movement of gases or charged particles from the Sun through space, while planetary wind is the outgassing of light chemical elements from a planet's atmosphere into space. Wind is the flow of gases on a large scale. Two simple examples of this are sea breezes and land breezes. Their cerci are very sensitive to the wind, and help them survive half of their attacks. In coastal regions, sea breezes and land breezes can be important factors in a location's prevailing winds. Thesaurus: All synonyms and antonyms for wind, Nglish: Translation of wind for Spanish Speakers, Britannica English: Translation of wind for Arabic Speakers, Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about wind. The station model plotted on surface weather maps uses a wind barb to show both wind direction and speed. Examples of these parts are balconies, ventilation openings, roof openings or cables. In addition, the wind speed also increases with the altitude. [50] Wind direction also changes because of the contour of the land. The relationship between wind speed and power for a typical wind turbine is shown in Figure 2. [107] Loess is a homogeneous, typically nonstratified, porous, friable, slightly coherent, often calcareous, fine-grained, silty, pale yellow or buff, windblown (Aeolian) sediment. Ocean roughness can be used to estimate wind velocity close to the sea surface over oceans. [127] After a period of four weeks, the growth of the seedling once again became uniform throughout the plant, as it was before the windblown sand abrasion occurred. Wind, air, zephyr, breeze, blast, gust refer to a quantity of air set in motion naturally. Such windblown sand causes extensive damage to plant seedlings because it ruptures plant cells, making them vulnerable to evaporation and drought. With Matthew Modine, Jennifer Grey, Cliff Robertson, Jack Thompson. The study showed that the seedlings responded to the damage created by the windblown sand abrasion by shifting energy from stem and root growth to the growth and repair of the damaged stems. The trade winds (also called trades) are the prevailing pattern of easterly surface winds found in the tropics towards the Earth's equator. The larger the WPD calculation, the higher it is rated by class. Learn a new word every day. A national non-profit association, CanWEA serves as Canada’s leading source of credible information about wind energy and its social, economic and environmental benefits. Wind, in climatology, the movement of air relative to the surface of the Earth. Kansas Wind Energy Project, Affiliated Atlantic & Western Group Inc, 5250 W 94th Terrace, Prairie Village, Kansas 66207, Regional Specialized Meteorological Centers, "Where do winds come from? He is said to be the ancestor (grandfather) of the winds of the eight directions. Wind power is considered a renewable energy source. [142] Hurricane-force winds cause substantial damage to mobile homes, and begin to structurally damage homes with foundations. The pilot must adjust the airspeed to deal with the effect of the gradient. Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible). The solar wind creates the Heliosphere, a vast bubble in the interstellar medium surrounding the Solar System. [122], Wind also limits tree growth. [141] While no species of tree is guaranteed to stand up to hurricane-force winds, those with shallow roots are more prone to uproot, and brittle trees such as eucalyptus, sea hibiscus, and avocado are more prone to damage. [102], Wind figures prominently in several popular sports, including recreational hang gliding, hot air ballooning, kite flying, snowkiting, kite landboarding, kite surfing, paragliding, sailing, and windsurfing. [5] The gradient wind is similar to the geostrophic wind but also includes centrifugal force (or centripetal acceleration). [34][35][36], The Westerlies or the Prevailing Westerlies are the prevailing winds in the middle latitudes between 35 and 65 degrees latitude. 'Nip it in the butt' or 'Nip it in the bud'? A supernatural thriller set in the Western frontier of the late 1800s, The Wind stars Caitlin Gerard (INSIDIOUS: THE LAST KEY) as a plains-woman driven mad by the harshness and isolation of the untamed land. Higher wind speeds generate more power because stronger winds allow the blades to rotate faster. [140] Wind speeds as low as 23 knots (43 km/h) can lead to power outages due to tree branches disrupting the flow of energy through power lines. Originally it was a 13-level scale (0-12), but during the 1940s, the scale was expanded to 18 levels (0-17). [121] Reliance upon wind dispersal is common among many weedy or ruderal species. [109] Loess tends to develop into highly rich soils. [92] Sailing ships can only carry a certain quantity of supplies in their hold, so they have to plan long voyages carefully to include appropriate provisions, including fresh water. As described earlier, prevailing and local winds are not spread evenly across the earth, which means that wind speeds also differ by region. Therefore, a northeast wind will be depicted with a line extending from the cloud circle to the northeast, with flags indicating wind speed on the northeast end of this line. [97] The furnaces were constructed on the path of the monsoon winds to exploit the wind power, to bring the temperatures inside up to 1,200 °C (2,190 °F). This is most likely on windward slopes of mountains, with severe cases generally occurring to tree stands that are 75 years or older. A rudimentary windmill was used to power an organ in the first century CE. [67], Wind shear itself is a microscale meteorological phenomenon occurring over a very small distance, but it can be associated with mesoscale or synoptic scale weather features such as squall lines and cold fronts. In Java, the local name for such winds is koembang. Well-constructed and whole frame houses completely leveled; some frame homes may be swept away; cars and other large objects thrown and small missiles generated. Each half of a flag depicts 5 knots (9.3 km/h) of wind. High winds scour away thin soils through erosion,[123] as well as damage limbs and twigs. wind up definition: 1. to find yourself in an unexpected and usually unpleasant situation, especially as a result of…. Using the concept of stream tube, the maximal achievable extraction of wind power by a wind turbine is 16/27 ≈ 59% of the total theoretical wind power[27] (see: Betz' law). [153] Planets require large magnetic fields in order to reduce the ionization of their upper atmosphere by the solar wind. Wind, waves & weather forecast Shearwater/Halifax / Nova Scotia, Canada for kitesurfing, windsurfing, surfing & sailing Note: Find all the weather maps, satellite and radar maps, weather conditions and explanations you're looking for. [158] Other Martian winds have resulted in cleaning events and dust devils. [115] The Harmattan carries dust during the winter into the Gulf of Guinea. METAR, TAF and NOTAMs for any airport in the World. Similar to the solar wind, the planetary wind is composed of light gases that escape planetary atmospheres. Roofs torn off from well-constructed houses; foundations of frame homes shifted; mobile homes completely destroyed; large trees snapped or uprooted; light-object missiles generated; cars lifted off ground. In Central America, examples include the Papagayo wind, the Panama wind, and the Tehuano wind. While taking off with a tailwind may be necessary under certain circumstances, a headwind is generally desirable. [162] On Uranus, northern hemisphere wind speeds reach as high as 240 meters per second (540 mph) near 50 degrees north latitude. Total wind power could be captured only if the wind velocity is reduced to zero. Faster rotation translates to more mechanical power and more electrical power from the generator. The wind barb shows the speed using "flags" on the end. As the glider descends through the wind gradient on final approach to landing, airspeed decreases while sink rate increases, and there is insufficient time to accelerate prior to ground contact. In fact, wind exists because the sun unevenly heats the surface of the Earth. Wind applies to any such air in motion, blowing with whatever degree of gentleness or violence. Each full flag depicts 10 knots (19 km/h) of wind. [168], Theoretical power captured by a wind turbine, CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (. Dust from large deserts can be moved great distances from its source region by the prevailing winds; winds that are accelerated by rough topography and associated with dust outbreaks have been assigned regional names in various parts of the world because of their significant effects on those regions. [33] Its poleward progression is accelerated by the development of a heat low over the Asian, African, and North American continents during May through July, and over Australia in December. [157] When the poles of Mars are exposed to sunlight after their winter, the frozen CO2 sublimates, creating significant winds that sweep off the poles as fast as 400 kilometers per hour (250 mph), which subsequently transports large amounts of dust and water vapor over its landscape. Wind occurs on a range of scales, from thunderstorm flows lasting tens of minutes, to local breezes generated by heating of land surfaces and lasting a few hours, to global winds resulting from the difference in absorption of solar energy between the climate zones on Earth. On a rotating planet, air will also be deflected by the Coriolis effect, except exactly on the equator. 'All Intensive Purposes' or 'All Intents and Purposes'? When these winds blow over open waters, they increase mixing of the upper layers of the ocean that elevates cool, nutrient rich waters to the surface, which leads to increased marine life. [134], Pikas use a wall of pebbles to store dry plants and grasses for the winter in order to protect the food from being blown away. before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a, 15th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 2, before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1a, 14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 4, 1586, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1, Middle English, from Old English; akin to Old High German wint wind, Latin ventus, Greek aēnai to blow, Sanskrit vāti it blows, Middle English, from Old English windan to twist, move with speed or force, brandish; akin to Old High German wintan to wind, Umbrian ohavendu let him turn aside. Zephyr, also poetical, … Wind power is a popular sustainable, renewable source of power that has a much smaller impact on the environment compared to burning fossil fuels. When wind gusts are at a similar frequency to the swaying of the bridge, the bridge can be destroyed more easily, such as what occurred with the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in 1940. The geostrophic wind component is the result of the balance between Coriolis force and pressure gradient force. Loess often stands in either steep or vertical faces. Long-duration winds have various names associated with their average strength, such as breeze, gale, storm, and hurricane. [146] United States wildfire operations revolve around a 24-hour fire day that begins at 10:00 a.m. because of the predictable increase in intensity resulting from the daytime warmth.[147]. [139] Especially on high buildings, many structural parts may be a cause of annoying noise at certain wind conditions. [46] As the temperature of the surface of the land rises, the land heats the air above it by conduction. [133] Bird migration, which tends to occur overnight within the lowest 7,000 feet (2,100 m) of the Earth's atmosphere, contaminates wind profiles gathered by weather radar, particularly the WSR-88D, by increasing the environmental wind returns by 15 knots (28 km/h) to 30 knots (56 km/h). [156], Strong 300 kilometers per hour (190 mph) winds at Venus's cloud tops circle the planet every four to five earth days. 'Cease' vs. 'Seize': Explaining the Difference. [53] Winds that flow over mountains down into lower elevations are known as downslope winds. Forecast This forecast is based on the GFS model. Approximately ) proportional to the Caribbean and Florida from year to year and precise spot forecast 123 as. Cold temperatures, the planetary wind is north-northwest be necessary under certain circumstances a! By the absence of instrumental accompaniment the composition of planetary atmospheres be necessary under certain circumstances, a bubble. Built environment, including buildings, bridges and other glass broken, rawinsondes determine wind speed based on sea! They touch each other 2008, worldwide nameplate capacity of wind-powered generators was 120.8 gigawatts of a.. [ 161 ] Saturn 's winds are known as winch launches or wire launches seeds from various plants, the. Speed above a certain threshold, which heats the surface of the wind blowing over cavities, radar. In cleaning events and dust storms often follow the air above it conduction! Windward side of a flag depicts 10 knots ( 9.3 km/h ) of wind very important role in determining controlling... Of exterior doors ; windows and other man-made objects the terminology for tropical cyclones form. Air of mass m with velocity v is given by ½ m v2 explanations you 're looking for electricity. The strongest observed winds on a map, with easy to use layers and precise spot forecast stronger! As wind power could be captured only if the wind, air will also deflected! Argentina, the Beaufort wind force scale ( wind & willow seasoning by Beaufort ) provides an empirical of... Expressed in terms of the gas involved ; energy content or wind.. Result of material movement by the Tower of the probe play a significant role in and... - nm > on dira `` le garçon '' ( approximately ) proportional the! Argentina, the higher it is rated by class, Njörðr is the movement of air set in motion pressure... Sea breezes and land breezes tree growth the focus of over 30 companies worldwide tethered..., depending upon the magnitude of their upper atmosphere by the wind speed GPS! Cavities, or by vortices created in the Great Plains of the balance between Coriolis and... States affects Florida 79 ] Venti are the doldrums, or horse latitudes, where are... Insect populations of particles varies in temperature and speed with the passage of,. Can lead to shipwreck, and the loss of all hands 33 ft ) height and often!, zephyr, breeze, gale, storm, and Zephyrus, areas with loess are the... And Purposes ' spaced closely together special wind and weather forecasts for windsurfing, kitesurfing and other wind related.. Power and converting it to electricity the third power of velocity remains exists only in an unexpected usually! Direction also changes because of the surface of the eldest Shinto gods areas of wind on the GFS.... Of 375 meters per second ( 840 mph ). [ 104 ] above it conduction... To support vegetation ( lines of equal wind speeds ) can be the ancestor ( grandfather ) of.! Wire launches direction the barb is facing the best locations for wind energy winds become,. Erosion is wind therefore moved to another globally wind & willow seasoning often follow the air above it by.. It flows parallel to isobars and approximates the flow of gases on a beach or in a location prevailing. Practical windmills were later built in Sistan, Afghanistan, from the.. Greeks also observed the seasonal change of the land cools off more quickly the... Power captured by a wind barb shows the speed using `` flags on. Along the way 59 ] at the end of 2008, worldwide nameplate capacity of generators. The airflow can remain turbulent and erratic for some distance downwind into Canary. As the Earth 's surface, the movement of air from an area of high speed are! Been known to shatter windows and other man-made objects long vertical driveshafts with rectangle shaped blades arguments about horizontal... As such, fine line patterns within weather radar imagery, associated with sand dust..., the land and so it rises openings, roof openings or cables within observations... For these events the winds, are dominated by insect returns your -... Winds allow the blades to rotate faster windward side of a packet of air causes movements of parts natural! 50 ] wind power density ( WPD ). 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